Abstract: This review explores the various preservation systems used in herbal cosmetics, with a focus on both natural and synthetic preservatives currently available in the market. Natural preservatives such as lemon oil, neem, honey, turmeric, and aloe vera are examined for their antimicrobial properties and compatibility with cosmetic formulations. The article also discusses commonly used synthetic preservatives, including parabens, aldehydes, and glycol ethers, highlighting their mechanisms, effectiveness, and safety concerns. An ideal preservative should be stable, non-toxic, and effective at low concentrations, with broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity. Although synthetic preservatives remain widely used, natural alternatives are gaining popularity due to perceived safety and consumer preference. The review concludes by emphasizing the need for further research into optimized combinations of natural preservatives that meet regulatory standards and consumer expectations.

Keywords: Herbal cosmetics, Natural preservatives, Synthetic preservatives, Antimicrobial activity, Safety concerns.