Biomedical Engineering Innovations Driving Breakthroughs in Cardiology, Oncology, Hypertension, and Acute Care Medicine
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.65336/WJAMS.2025.21104Keywords:
Precision medicine, biomedical engineering, cardiology, cancer, hypertension, acute care, biosensors, medical innovationAbstract
Biomedical engineering is leading a major change in a number of fields of modern medicine, such as acute care, cancer, cardiology, and the treatment of hypertension. Through the integration of better materials, computer modelling, biosensing technologies, and artificial intelligence, biomedical advancements are transforming patient outcomes, therapeutic precision, and diagnostic accuracy. Improved heart function monitoring, early arrhythmia detection, and customized treatment plans are made possible by advancements in cardiology, such as bioengineered cardiac tissues, intelligent wearables, and AI-assisted imaging. Microfluidic systems, nanoparticle-based targeted drug delivery, and three-dimensional tumour organoids are accelerating the shift to precision cancer therapy in oncology while lowering systemic toxicity. Research on hypertension has benefited from continuous, non-invasive blood pressure sensors, vascular biomechanics models, and machine learning algorithms that can predict hypertensive crises before they manifest clinically. In acute care medicine, automated clinical decision-support systems, point-of-care diagnostic tools, and real-time physiological monitoring significantly reduce reaction times, improving survival rates in life-threatening conditions like acute organ failure, sepsis, and stroke. When considered collectively, these advancements show how biomedical engineering has a transdisciplinary impact on improving prevention, diagnosis, and treatment by bridging clinical needs with engineering design. As technology develops, biomedical engineering will continue to be crucial in developing patient-centered, high-precision healthcare solutions, ultimately setting the stage for the next stage of intelligent and integrated healthcare.
References
1. Restrepo Tique, M., Araque, O., & Sanchez-Echeverri, L. A. (2024). Technological Advances in the Diagnosis of Cardiovascular Disease: A Public Health Strategy. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 21(8), 1083. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph21081083
2. Gerc, V.; Masic, I.; Salihefendic, N.; Zildzic, M. Cardiovascular Diseases (CVDs) in COVID-19 Pandemic Era. Mater. Socio-Medica 2020, 32, 158. Available online: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7428924/ (accessed on 26 June 2024).
3. Rubiés-Prat, J. Factores de riesgo cardiovascular. Med. -Programa de Form. Médica Contin. Acreditado 2005, 9, 2506–2513.
4. Padua, G.R.; Jacobo, W.; Piñera, D.; Gladys, M.; Padua, R. Enfermedades no transmisibles. Tendencias actuales. Revista Cubana de Salud y Trabajo 2012, 13, 50. Available online: https://revsaludtrabajo.sld.cu/index.php/revsyt/article/view/609 (accessed on 26 June 2024).
5. Turcu, A.M.; Ilie, A.C.; Ștefăniu, R.; Țăranu, S.M.; Sandu, I.A.; Alexa-Stratulat, T.; Pîslaru, A.I.; Alexa, I.D. The impact of heart rate variability monitoring on preventing severe cardiovascular events. Diagnostics 2023, 13, 2384.
6. Blanco-Colio, L.M.; Méndez-Barbero, N.; Pello Lázaro, A.M.; Aceña, Á.; Tarín, N.; Cristóbal, C.; Martínez-Milla, J.; González-Lorenzo, Ó.; Martín-Ventura, J.L.; Huelmos, A.; et al. MCP-1 predicts recurrent cardiovascular events in patients with persistent inflammation. J. Clin. Med. 2021, 10, 1137.
7. Freak-Poli, R.; Hu, J.; Phyo, A.Z.Z.; Barker, S.F. Social isolation and social support influence health service utilisation and survival after a cardiovascular disease event: A systematic review. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2023, 20, 4853.
8. Zheng, Z.; Zhang, P.; Yuan, F.; Bo, Y. Scientometric analysis of the relationship between a built environment and cardiovascular disease. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19, 5625.
9. Attaran, M. Blockchain technology in healthcare: Challenges and opportunities. Int. J. Healthc. Manag. 2022, 15, 70–83.
10. Sandeep, B.; Liu, X.; Huang, X.; Wang, X.; Mao, L.; Xiao, Z. Feasibility of artificial intelligence its current status, clinical applications, and future direction in cardiovascular disease. Curr. Probl. Cardiol. 2024, 49, 102349.
11. Sikkander, A. R. M., Meenab, M., Yadavc, H., Wahi, N., & Lakshmi, V. V. Appraisal of the Impact of Applying Organometallic Compounds in Cancer Therapy.
12. Mohamed, S. A. R., Yadav, H., Meena, M., Wahi, N., & Kumar, K. (2024). A Review of Diagnostic Nano Stents: Part (I).
13. Sikkander, A. M., & Nachiar, R. Assess of Hydrazine Sulphate (N2H6SO4) in Opposition for The Majority of Cancer Cells.
14. Mohamed, S. A. R., Yadav, H., Meena, M., & Lakshmi, V. V. (2024). A Review of Advances in the Development of Bioresorbable Nano Stents: Part (II).
15. Sikkander, A. R. M., Vedhi, C., & Manisankar, P. (2011). Electrochemical stripping studies of amlodipine using Mwcnt modified glassy carbon electrode. Chem Mater Res, 1, 1-7.
16. Sivakumar, R., Gopalakrishnan, P., & Razak, M. S. A. (2021). Comparative analysis of anti-reflection coatings on solar PV cells through TiO2 and SiO2 nanoparticles. Pigment & Resin Technology, 51(2), 171-177.
17. Sikkander, A. M. (2022). Intrathecal Chemotherapy for Blood Cancer Treatment. In Acta Biology Forum (pp. 14-17).
18. Sikkander, A. M. Duct Cancer Evaluation In Situ–Review.
19. Sikkander, M., Vedhi, C., & Manisankar, P. (2012). Cyclic voltammetric determination of 1, 4-Dihydro pyridine drugs using MWCNTs modified glassy carbon electrode. Der Chem. Sin, 3, 413-420.
20. Sikkander, A. M., & Nasri, N. S. Review on Inorganic Nano crystals unique benchmark of Nanotechnology.
21. Holme, S., Richardson, S. M., Bella, J., & Pinali, C. (2025). Hydrogels for Cardiac Tissue Regeneration: Current and Future Developments. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 26(5), 2309. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26052309
22. Sanchis-Gomar, F.; Perez-Quilis, C.; Leischik, R.; Lucia, A. Epidemiology of coronary heart disease and acute coronary syndrome. Ann. Transl. Med. 2016, 4, 256.
23. Mensah, G.A.; Fuster, V.; Murray, C.J.L.; Roth, G.A. Global Burden of Cardiovascular Diseases and Risks, 1990–2022. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 2023, 82, 2350–2473.
24. Global Burden of Disease Collaborative Network. Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 (GBD 2021); Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME): Seattle, WA, USA, 2024; Available online: http://www.healthdata.org/research-analysis/library/global-burden-disease-2021-findings-gbd-2021-study (accessed on 13 January 2025).
25. World Health Organization. UN Decade of Healthy Ageing: Plan of Action 2021–2030. Available online: https://cdn.who.int/media/docs/default-source/decade-of-healthy-ageing/decade-proposal-final-apr2020-en.pdf (accessed on 12 December 2023).
26. Mensah, G.A.; Fuster, V.; Roth, G.A. A Heart-Healthy and Stroke-Free World: Using Data to Inform Global Action. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 2023, 82, 2343–2349.
27. Institute of Medicine Committee on Social Security Cardiovascular Disability Criteria. Cardiovascular Disability: Updating the Social Security Listings; National Academies Press: Washington, DC, USA, 2010.
28. Mendis, S.; Thygesen, K.; Kuulasmaa, K.; Giampaoli, S.; Mähönen, M.; Ngu Blackett, K.; Lisheng, L. World Health Organization definition of myocardial infarction: 2008-09 revision. Int. J. Epidemiol. 2011, 40, 139–146.
29. Burke, A.P.; Virmani, R. Pathophysiology of Acute Myocardial Infarction. Med. Clin. N. Am. 2007, 91, 553–572.
30. Lüscher, T.F. Myocardial infarction: Mechanisms, diagnosis, and complications. Eur. Heart J. 2015, 36, 947–949.
31. La Via, L., Sangiorgio, G., Stefani, S., Marino, A., Nunnari, G., Cocuzza, S., La Mantia, I., Cacopardo, B., Stracquadanio, S., Spampinato, S., Lavalle, S., & Maniaci, A. (2024). The Global Burden of Sepsis and Septic Shock. Epidemiologia, 5(3), 456-478. https://doi.org/10.3390/epidemiologia5030032
32. Singer, M.; Deutschman, C.S.; Seymour, C.W.; Shankar-Hari, M.; Annane, D.; Bauer, M.; Bellomo, R.; Bernard, G.R.; Chiche, J.D.; Coopersmith, C.M.; et al. The third international consensus definitions for sepsis and septic shock (Sepsis-3). JAMA 2016, 315, 801–810.
33. Hotchkiss, R.S.; Moldawer, L.L.; Opal, S.M.; Reinhart, K.; Turnbull, I.R.; Vincent, J.-L. Sepsis and septic shock. Nat. Rev. Dis. Primer 2016, 2, 16045.
34. Shankar-Hari, M.; Phillips, G.S.; Levy, M.L.; Seymour, C.W.; Liu, V.X.; Deutschman, C.S.; Angus, D.C.; Rubenfeld, G.D.; Singer, M.; Sepsis Definitions Task Force. Developing a New Definition and Assessing New Clinical Criteria for Septic Shock: For the Third International Consensus Definitions for Sepsis and Septic Shock (Sepsis-3). JAMA 2016, 315, 775–787.
35. Fleischmann, C.; Scherag, A.; Adhikari, N.K.; Hartog, C.S.; Tsaganos, T.; Schlattmann, P.; Angus, D.C.; Reinhart, K.; International Forum of Acute Care Trialists. Assessment of Global Incidence and Mortality of Hospital-treated Sepsis. Current Estimates and Limitations. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 2016, 193, 259–272.
36. Rudd, K.E.; Johnson, S.C.; Agesa, K.M.; Shackelford, K.A.; Tsoi, D.; Kievlan, D.R.; Colombara, D.V.; Ikuta, K.S.; Kissoon, N.; Finfer, S.; et al. Global, regional, and national sepsis incidence and mortality, 1990-2017: Analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study. Lancet 2020, 395, 200–211.
37. WHO Calls for Global Action on Sepsis—Cause of 1 in 5 Deaths Worldwide. Consultato: 11 Giugno 2024. Available online: https://www.who.int/news/item/08-09-2020-who-calls-for-global-action-on-sepsis---cause-of-1-in-5-deaths-worldwide (accessed on 1 June 2024).
38. Adhikari, N.K.J.; Fowler, R.A.; Bhagwanjee, S.; Rubenfeld, G.D. Critical care and the global burden of critical illness in adults. Lancet 2010, 376, 1339–1346.
39. Schultz, M.J.; Dunser, M.W.; Dondorp, A.M.; Adhikari, N.K.J.; Iyer, S.; Kwizera, A.; Lubell, Y.; Papali, A.; Pisani, L.; Riviello, B.D.; et al. Current challenges in the management of sepsis in ICUs in resource-poor settings and suggestions for the future. Intensive Care Med. 2017, 43, 612–624.
40. Martin, G.S.; Mannino, D.M.; Eaton, S.; Moss, M. The epidemiology of sepsis in the United States from 1979 through 2000. N. Engl. J. Med. 2003, 348, 1546–1554.
41. Sikkander, A. M., Vedhi, C., & Manisankar, P. (2016). Utilization of sodium montmorillonite clay for enhanced electrochemical sensing of amlodipine. Indian Journal of Chemistry, 55, 571-575.
42. Yadava, C. H., Revanuri, N., & Sikkander, A. R. M. Tungsten-Based Compounds: A New Frontier in Cancer Diagnosis and Therapy.
43. Hiremath, G., Mohamed, S. A. R., Upadhyay, R., Acharya, D., Singh, K. P., & Wahi, N. Safety and Efficacy of Drug-Eluting Stents Improved Dramatically with Application of Nanotechnology.
44. Abdul Razak Mohamed Sikkander., RUTHENIUM ORGANOMETALLIC COMPOUNDS IN CANCER TREATMENT, Biomedical Engineering: Applications, Basis and Communications, Vol. 37, No. 01, 2430003 (2025) https://doi.org/10.4015/S1016237224300037
45. Rodrigues, J. J., Sikkander, A. R. M., Tripathi, S. L., Kumar, K., Mishra, S. R., & Theivanathan, G. (2025). Healthcare applications of computational genomics.
46. Sikkander, A. M., & Yasmeen, K. Review on Nanotechnology persecute vital role of Curative Applications in Medicinal Field and its ailing Effects.
47. Rodrigues, J. J., Sikkander, A. R. M., Tripathi, S. L., Kumar, K., Mishra, S. R., & Theivanathan, G. (2025). Artificial intelligence’s applicability in cardiac imaging.
48. Sikkander, A. R. M., Tripathi, S. L., & Theivanathan, G. (2025). Extensive sequence analysis: revealing genomic knowledge throughout various domains. In Computational Intelligence for Genomics Data (pp. 17-30). Academic Press.
49. Yasmeen, K., & Sikkander, A. M. (2021). Progression of Nanotools in Neuroscience. J. Sci. Technol, 6, 9-16.
50. Huang, G., Chen, X., & Liao, C. (2025). AI-Driven Wearable Bioelectronics in Digital Healthcare. Biosensors, 15(7), 410. https://doi.org/10.3390/bios15070410
51. Zheng, Y.; Tang, N.; Omar, R.; Hu, Z.; Duong, T.; Wang, J.; Wu, W.; Haick, H. Smart Materials Enabled with Artificial Intelligence for Healthcare Wearables. Adv. Funct. Mater. 2021, 31, 2105482.
52. Dai, Y.; Wang, J.; Gao, S. Advanced Electronics and Artificial Intelligence: Must-Have Technologies Toward Human Body Digital Twins. Adv. Intell. Syst. 2022, 4, 2100263.
53. Wasilewski, T.; Kamysz, W.; Gebicki, J. AI-Assisted Detection of Biomarkers by Sensors and Biosensors for Early Diagnosis and Monitoring. Biosensors 2024, 14, 356.
54. Zhang, Y.; Chen, H.; Song, Y. Wearable healthcare monitoring and therapeutic bioelectronics. Wearable Electron. 2025, 2, 18–22.
55. Liao, C.; Xiong, Y.; Fu, Y.; Chen, X.; Occhipinti, L.G. Organic semiconductors based wearable bioelectronics. Wearable Electron. 2025, 2, 23–39.
56. Kim, S.; Baek, S.; Sluyter, R.; Konstantinov, K.; Kim, J.H.; Kim, S.; Kim, Y.H. Wearable and implantable bioelectronics as eco-friendly and patient-friendly integrated nanoarchitectonics for next-generation smart healthcare technology. EcoMat 2023, 5, e12356.
57. Chen, W.; Zheng, X.; Zhou, Y.; Du, W.; Liang, F.; Yu, H.D.; Li, L. Recent Progress in Semi-Implantable Bioelectronics for Precision Health Monitoring. Adv. Funct. Mater. 2025, 2424463. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
58. Wang, B.; Lv, A.; Wu, H.; Guo, B.; Lu, Y.; Chang, Z.; Wu, Y.; Li, X.; Yang, Q.; Nie, J.; et al. Antifreezing Ultrathin Bioionic Gel-Based Wearable System for Artificial Intelligence-Assisted Arrhythmia Diagnosis in Hypothermia. ACS Nano 2025, 19, 8176–8188.
59. Wang, Y.; Feng, X.; Chen, X. Autonomous Bioelectronic Devices Based on Silk Fibroin. Adv. Mater. 2025, 37, e2500073.
60. Rivnay, J.; Raman, R.; Robinson, J.T.; Schreib, C.; Cohen-Karni, T.; Galloway, K.E.; Veiseh, O. Integrating bioelectronics with cell-based synthetic biology. Nat. Rev. Bioeng. 2025, 3, 317–332.
61. Sikkander, A. M., Vedhic, & Manisankar, P. Eenhanced electrochemical sensing of Nimodipine with Sodium montmorillonite clay.
62. Mohamed Sikkander,A. R. , Mishra,S. R, shankaranarayanan,S. and chegini,S. (2025). The iPSC Based Models for Hereditary Arrhythmias: From Genotype Phenotype Studies to Precision Therapy. SPC Journal of Medical and Healthcare, 1(3), 184-191. doi: 10.48309/sjmh.2025.537906.1074
63. Mohamed Sikkander,A. R. , chegini,S. , Mishra,S. R and Subramanian,S. (2025). Integration of 6G Networks and Deep Learning for Advanced Biomedical Engineering Applications: Real Time Analytics, Remote Surgery, and Intelligent Healthcare Systems. SPC Journal of Medical and Healthcare, 1(3), 167-175. doi: 10.48309/sjmh.2025.537895.1073
64. C. Hazarathaiah Yadav, Narendra Revanuri, and Abdul Razak Mohamed Sikkander,ORGANOMETALLIC COMPOUND’S PHOTOTOXICITY AGAINST CANCER CELLS, Biomedical Engineering: Applications, Basis and CommunicationsOnline ReadyNo Access, https://doi.org/10.4015/S1016237225500206
65. A. Mohamed Sikkander, Rajeev Ranjan, Sangeeta R Mishra. Artificial Intelligence in Cerebellum Activation. International Journal of Cheminformatics. 2024; 01(01):14-26. Available from: https://journals.stmjournals.com/ijci/article=2024/view=143947
66. Abdul Razak Mohamed Sikkander, Rajeev Ranjan, Sangeeta R Mishra. Nanoelectronics, Nanoparticles and Nanotechnology in Treatment of Psychological Disorders. International Journal of Environmental Chemistry. 2024; ():-. Available from: https://journals.stmjournals.com/ijec/article=2024/view=143513
67. A. Mohamed Sikkander, Rajeev Ranjan, A. Mohamed Sikkander. Organometallic Osmium Compounds in Cancer Therapy. International Journal of Advance in Molecular Engineering. 2024; 01(02):01-25. Available from: https://journals.stmjournals.com/ijame/article=2024/view=144940
68. Abdul Mohamed Sikkander, Catalytic Activity Advancements in Organometallic Chemistry, https://engineeringjournals.stmjournals.in/index.php/JoCC/issue/view/1274
69. Mohamed Sikkander,A. R. , Yadav,H. and Meena,M. (2024). The Study Examined the Effectiveness of a Nickel (II) Complex Containing 5-Acetyl-????-(adamantan-2-yl) Thiophene-2-Carboxamide as a Derivative for the Drug Isoniazid in Relation to Bacterial, Cancer and Tuberculosis Activities. Advanced Journal of Chemistry, Section A, 7(5), 501-521. doi: 10.48309/ajca.2024.443156.1490
70. Jeetendra Kumar Gupta, Abdul Razak Mohamed Sikkander, Faizan ul Haque Nagrami, Krishan Kumar, Nitin Wahi, 2023.
71. Gu, Y., & Fernandez, J. (2024). Advancements in Biomedical and Bioengineering Technologies in Sports Monitoring and Healthcare. Bioengineering, 11(8), 816. https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering11080816
72. West, S.W.; Clubb, J.; Torres-Ronda, L.; Howells, D.; Leng, E.; Vescovi, J.D.; Carmody, S.; Posthumus, M.; Dalen-Lorentsen, T.; Windt, J. More than a Metric: How Training Load is Used in Elite Sport for Athlete Management. Int. J. Sports Med. 2021, 42, 300–306.
73. Li, P.; Lee, G.H.; Kim, S.Y.; Kwon, S.Y.; Kim, H.R.; Park, S. From Diagnosis to Treatment: Recent Advances in Patient-Friendly Biosensors and Implantable Devices. ACS Nano 2021, 15, 1960–2004.
74. Galli, A.; Montree, R.J.H.; Que, S.; Peri, E.; Vullings, R. An Overview of the Sensors for Heart Rate Monitoring Used in Extramural Applications. Sensors 2022, 22, 4035.
75. Chen, S.; Qi, J.; Fan, S.; Qiao, Z.; Yeo, J.C.; Lim, C.T. Flexible Wearable Sensors for Cardiovascular Health Monitoring. Adv. Healthc. Mater. 2021, 10, e2100116.
76. Yamane, T.; Kimura, M.; Morita, M. Application of nine-axis accelerometer-based recognition of daily activities in clinical examination. Phys. Act. Health 2024, 8, 29–46.
77. Zhang, M.; Zhang, C.; Shi, Q.; Zeng, S.; Balezentis, T. Operationalizing the telemedicine platforms through the social network knowledge: An MCDM model based on the CIPFOHW operator. Technol. Forecast. Soc. Chang. 2022, 174, 121303.
78. Vaghasiya, J.V.; Mayorga-Martinez, C.C.; Pumera, M. Telemedicine platform for health assessment remotely by an integrated nanoarchitectonics FePS3/rGO and Ti3C2-based wearable device. npj Flex. Electron. 2022, 6, 73.
79. Sumner, J.; Lim, H.W.; Chong, L.S.; Bundele, A.; Mukhopadhyay, A.; Kayambu, G. Artificial intelligence in physical rehabilitation: A systematic review. Artif. Intell. Med. 2023, 146, 102693.
80. Khoshmanesh, F.; Thurgood, P.; Pirogova, E.; Nahavandi, S.; Baratchi, S. Wearable sensors: At the frontier of personalised health monitoring, smart prosthetics and assistive technologies. Biosens. Bioelectron. 2021, 176, 112946.
81. Appraisal, recent advancement, and impacts of nanomedicine in cardiac asthma. Journal of medical pharmaceutical and allied sciences, V 12 - I 5, Pages - 6132 – 6138. Doi: https://doi.org/10.55522/jmpas.V12I5.5214
82. A Mohamed Sikkander, Nanosilicones in Sub Glandular and Sub Muscular Implant Breast Transplantation https://chemical.journalspub.info/index.php?journal=JAAC&page=index
83. A. Mohamed Sikkander, Assess of Basal cell carcinoma, Vol 8, No 2 (2022) https://chemical.journalspub.info/index.php?journal=JCME&page=issue&op=view&path%5B%5D=273
84. Ho D, Quake SR, McCabe ERB, Chng WJ, Chow EK, Ding X, Gelb BD, Ginsburg GS, Hassenstab J, Ho CM, Mobley WC, Nolan GP, Rosen ST, Tan P, Yen Y, Zarrinpar A. Enabling Technologies for Personalized and Precision Medicine. Trends Biotechnol. 2020 May;38(5):497-518. doi: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2019.12.021
85. Abhinav, V., Basu, P., Verma, S. S., Verma, J., Das, A., Kumari, S., Yadav, P. R., & Kumar, V. (2025). Advancements in Wearable and Implantable BioMEMS Devices: Transforming Healthcare Through Technology. Micromachines, 16(5), 522. https://doi.org/10.3390/mi16050522
86. Ho, D.; Quake, S.R.; McCabe, E.R.B.; Chng, W.J.; Chow, E.K.; Ding, X.; Gelb, B.D.; Ginsburg, G.S.; Hassenstab, J.; Ho, C.-M.; et al. Enabling Technologies for Personalized and Precision Medicine. Trends Biotechnol. 2020, 38, 497–518.
87. Assalve, G.; Lunetti, P.; Di Cagno, A.; De Luca, E.W.; Aldegheri, S.; Zara, V.; Ferramosca, A. Advanced wearable devices for monitoring sweat biochemical markers in athletic performance: A comprehensive review. Biosensors 2024, 14, 574.
88. Kassanos, P.; Hourdakis, E. Implantable Passive Sensors for Biomedical Applications. Sensors 2025, 25, 133.
89. Erdem, A.; Eksin, E.; Senturk, H.; Yildiz, E.; Maral, M. Recent developments in wearable biosensors for healthcare and biomedical applications. TrAC Trends Anal. Chem. 2024, 171, 117510.
90. Vo, D.-K.; Trinh, K.T.L. Advances in Wearable Biosensors for Healthcare: Current Trends, Applications, and Future Perspectives. Biosensors 2024, 14, 560.
91. Sanjay; Kumar, V.; Vohra, A. Sensitivity enhancement using triple metal gate work function engineering of junctionless cylindrical gate all around SiNW MOSFET based biosensor for neutral biomolecule species detection for upcoming sub 14 nm technology node. Mater. Sci. Eng. B 2024, 306, 117459.
92. Kong, L.; Li, W.; Zhang, T.; Ma, H.; Cao, Y.; Wang, K.; Zhou, Y.; Shamim, A.; Zheng, L.; Wang, X.; et al. Wireless Technologies in Flexible and Wearable Sensing: From Materials Design, System Integration to Applications. Adv. Mater. 2024, 36, 2400333.
93. Yogev, D.; Goldberg, T.; Arami, A.; Tejman-Yarden, S.; Winkler, T.E.; Maoz, B.M. Current state of the art and future directions for implantable sensors in medical technology: Clinical needs and engineering challenges. APL Bioeng. 2023, 7, 031506.
94. Huanbutta, K.; Puri, V.; Sharma, A.; Singh, I.; Sriamornsak, P.; Sangnim, T. Rise of implantable drugs: A chronicle of breakthroughs in drug delivery systems. Saudi Pharm. J. 2024, 32, 102193.
95. Mariello, M.; Proctor, C.M. Wireless Power and Data Transfer Technologies for Flexible Bionic and Bioelectronic Interfaces: Materials and Applications. Adv. Mater. Technol. 2025, 10, 2400797.
96. Shuvo, M.M.H.; Titirsha, T.; Amin, N.; Islam, S.K. Energy harvesting in implantable and wearable medical devices for enduring precision healthcare. Energies 2022, 15, 7495.
97. Liu, Y.; Yu, Q.; Yang, L.; Cui, Y. Materials and biomedical applications of implantable electronic devices. Adv. Mater. Technol. 2023, 8, 2200853.
98. Jafleh, E.A.; Alnaqbi, F.A.; Almaeeni, H.A.; Faqeeh, S.; Alzaabi, M.A.; Al Zaman, K.; Alnaqbi, F.; Almaeeni, H.; Alzaabi, M. The role of wearable devices in chronic disease monitoring and patient care: A comprehensive review. Cureus 2024, 16, e68921.
99. Sridhar, A.R.; Cheung, J.W.; Lampert, R.; Silva, J.N.A.; Gopinathannair, R.; Sotomonte, J.C.; Tarakji, K.; Fellman, M.; Chrispin, J.; Varma, N.; et al. State of the art of mobile health technologies use in clinical arrhythmia care. Commun. Med. 2024, 4, 218.
100. Odeh, V.A.; Chen, Y.; Wang, W.; Ding, X. Recent Advances in the Wearable Devices for Monitoring and Management of Heart Failure. Rev. Cardiovasc. Med. 2024, 25, 386.
101. Yin, Z.; Yang, Y.; Hu, C.; Li, J.; Qin, B.; Yang, X. Wearable respiratory sensors for health monitoring. NPG Asia Mater. 2024, 16, 8.
102. Wu, K.Y.; Mina, M.; Carbonneau, M.; Marchand, M.; Tran, S.D. Advancements in Wearable and Implantable Intraocular Pressure Biosensors for Ophthalmology: A Comprehensive Review. Micromachines 2023, 14, 1915.
103. Pons-Faudoa, F.P.; Ballerini, A.; Sakamoto, J.; Grattoni, A. Advanced implantable drug delivery technologies: Transforming the clinical landscape of therapeutics for chronic diseases. Biomed. Microdevices 2019, 21, 47.
104. Perez, F.P.; Walker, B.; Morisaki, J.; Kanakri, H.; Rizkalla, M. Neurostimulation devices to treat Alzheimer’s disease. Explor. Neurosci. 2025, 4, 100674.
105. A. Mohamed Sikkander*, Nanoemulsion in Ophthalmology, Vol 8, No 2 (2022) https://chemical.journalspub.info/index.php?journal=JAWCM&page=index
106. A. Mohamed Sikkander*, Advancement of Agricultural Biotechnology in USA Vol 9, No 2 (2023)https://chemical.journalspub.info/index.php?journal=IJCPD&page=index
107. Sikkander, A. M., Hemavathy, N., & Mishra, S. R. (2022). Tactile System for Visually Impaired People Using Embedded Technology.
108. RamaNachiar, R., & Yasmeen, K. (2022). Assess of Calcitonin against Arthritis.
109. RamaNachiar, R., & Yasmeen, K. (2022). Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) in Lungs Cancer Detection.
110. RamaNachiar, R., & Yasmeen, K. (2022). Spiking Neural Network (SNN) Using to Detect Breast Cancer.
111. Wang, B., Hu, S., Teng, Y. et al. Current advance of nanotechnology in diagnosis and treatment for malignant tumors. Sig Transduct Target Ther 9, 200 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41392-024-01889-y
112. Sikkander, A. M. (2022). Duct Cancer.
113. Sikkander, A. M., Mishra, S. R., & Kavitha, K. (2022). Review on Nanogold and Nano silver for cervical Cancer Therapy. Journal of Science Letters, 1, 04.
114. Dr. A. Mohamed Sikkander, Ms. S. Sasikala, Dr. K. Kavitha, and Mr. T. Niruban Balu, “Efficacy of Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology in Diagnosis and Treatment of Heart Diseas”, International Journal of Innovative Research in Science and Technology, Vol. 01, Issue 04, November 2021, pp.:017-021
115. Sikkander, A. M., & Yasmeen, K. (2021). Review on Green Synthesis of Positively Charged Biocompatible Gold Nanoparticles in Water: Use of Ascorbic Acid as Reducing Agent. Technology, 6(02).
116. Ramachandran, K., & Sikkander, A. M. (2021). Biomedical Signal Processing: Understanding Its Importance and Several Fundamental Steps. TRANSACTION ON BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING APPLICATIONS AND HEALTHCARE Учредители: Technoarete Research and Development Association, 2(2).
117. Sikkander, A. M., & Yasmeen, K. (2021). Global Anesthesia & pain Medicine.
118. Sikkander, A. M. (2020). Favipiravir is a Broad Spectrum Antiviral Prescription Famous to Selectivity Block RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase (RdRp) and SARS-COVID-19
119. A. Mohamed Sikkander ,SK.Rafi, K.Kavitha3Exigency for Use of Nano Material Biosensors In Diagnosis of Disease Journal of Science and Technology ISSN: 2456-5660 Volume 5, Issue 2, March-April 2020, PP 25-31 www.jst.org.in
120. Mohamed Sikkander,A. . R. , Meena,M. , Yadav,H. , Wahi,N. and Lakshmi,V. V. (2024). Appraisal of the Impact of Applying Organometallic Compounds in Cancer Therapy. Journal of Applied Organometallic Chemistry, 4(2), 145-166. doi: 10.48309/jaoc.2024.433120.1154
121. Sikkander, A. M., & Abbas, H. S. A novel biosensor for pathogens diagnosis. J Clin Bioanal Chem. 2021; 5 (4): 1, 4.
122. Dwivedi, V., & Sikkander, A. M. The Potential Risks of Genetically Altered Animals on the Environment.
123. Sikkander, A. M., Bassyouni, F., Yasmeen, K., Mishra, S. R., & Lakshmi, V. V. (2023). Synthesis of Zinc Oxide and Lead Nitrate Nanoparticles and their Applications: Comparative Studies of Bacterial and Fungal (E. coli, A. Niger).
124. Sikkander, A. R. M., Vedhi, C., & Manisankar, P. (2012). Electrochemical determination of calcium channel blocker drugs using multiwall carbon nanotube-modified glassy carbon electrode.
