Prevalence and Correlates of Bruxism among University Students in Libya: The Role of Stress

Abstract:

Background: Bruxism, characterized by teeth grinding or clenching, is a common condition associated with various factors, including stress, anxiety, and psychological distress. University students, in particular, are often subjected to high levels of stress due to academic pressures, clinical training demands, and future career uncertainties. These stressors can exacerbate bruxism symptoms and contribute to its onset or worsening. Objective: Examine the connection between stress levels and teeth grinding (bruxism) among university students.

Material and Methods: The study participants were university students enrolled in educational institutions in Libya. Data collection was carried out electronically through secure online platforms or email distributed to the participants. The questionnaire encompassed sections on demographics, stress levels, and bruxism symptoms. Statistical analysis involved employing appropriate methods such as correlation analysis or regression analysis to explore the connection between stress levels and bruxism symptoms among university students, with statistical significance set at p < 0.05. Result: A significant proportion of students reported experiencing stress, fatigue, or anxiety symptoms frequently or always, indicating a pervasive issue affecting the student population. High levels of perceived stress were prevalent among respondents, with many rating their stress levels as notably elevated. This highlights the critical need for effective mental health interventions and support services within educational settings. Students employed various coping mechanisms such as meditation, social support, and exercise to manage stress, reflecting a proactive approach to maintaining mental well-being. The study found a substantial prevalence of diagnosed bruxism among participants, with common symptoms including headaches, jaw pain, tooth sensitivity, and disrupted sleep. This underscores the significant impact of stress on oral health and overall well-being. The research also identified diverse health issues among students, including poor sleep quality, nail biting habits, and gastrointestinal problems, further emphasizing the multifaceted impact of stress on students’ physical and mental health.

Keywords: Bruxism, stress, anxiety, Medical and dental students.