Hydatid Disease Incidence and Laboratory Diagnosis in Sana’a 2020-2023

Abstract

Background: hydatid disease is common zoonosis disease in third world countries specially Yemen caused by parasite echinococcosis granulose it’s diagnosed on clinical, laboratory (serology) and radiological bases. it’s effect liver, lung, pelvis and many other organs – the point of incidence and diagnosis become important for treatment and improve outcome.

Objective: Assess the incidence rate, laboratory and radiological diagnosis and outcome of hydatid disease in last years in Sanaa- Yemen.

Patient and methods: this are a retrospective descriptive case series study among Yemen patients presented and operated in same governmental and private hospitals in Sanaa city – Yemen during period April 2020 to April  2023 which study conducted on 92 cases after confirming presence and operated for hydatid disease. This short-term study was established after ethical consideration, in which the data collected to performed questioner after recording data from patient file and interviewing patient and his responsible resident surgeons and consultants since receiving the case till the patient was operated and after discharged, after that collected data have been computerized to be analyzed through SPSS and excel programs.

Results and discussion: Our study show that females are more affected (54%). than male (46%) and that the middle age group (15-64) years are the most, with a rate of (85%). married social state take the most of sample (64%), and also most of them with average socioeconomic state (58%). Most cases of our study were live in Amanat Alasimah (20%) And furthermore most patient was born in al Mehwit (20%)., the most common organ affected by hydatid cyst is Liver (43%) then lung. The most common Risk Factors or method for transmation is Direct contact with infected dog or cat/another animal (34%). almost sample give no medical, surgical or family history.

All patient (100%) diagnosed radiologically and only 37% has confirmed on laboratory bases as ELIZA OR IHAT and ELIZA most common and most common radiological method is sonography, X RAY AND CT SCAN (54%). MOST patient was operated the time of study (86%) other patient was under preparation or on waiting list or continue under medical treatment, and  also the majority of patient operated in  private with a rate of (63%), and governmental (37%) & (78%) was take medical therapy before and after operation successively, the Complicated cases before the operation only 21%, and only 5% and 11% complicated either during or post operation successively .significant rate  9% has recurrent disease, the majority of them treated medically with a rate of (63%).,

Conclusion: hydatid disease is common disease affect female than male and high rate in Amanat Alasema Sana’a and al Mehwit in average married population. Commonly transmitted by direct contact with dogs and other animal and totally depend on radiological diagnosis and only near third surgeon depend on laboratory diagnosis specially ELIZA and near half has been taken medical therapy pre or post operation

//significant rate 9% has recurrent disease in patients not used neither laboratory diagnosis nor take medical therapy post operation.