Modern Microbiological Validation of the Antiviral Potential of Siddha Formulation Santha Santhrothaiya Tablet Against Hepatitis B Virus: A Review
Keywords:
Hepatitis B virus, Siddha medicine, Santha Santhrothaiya tablet, antiviral activity, herbal medicine, phytochemicals, molecular docking, hepatoprotection, traditional medicine.Abstract
Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains a major global health concern, contributing significantly to chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Despite effective vaccines and antiviral agents, complete viral eradication remains challenging due to viral persistence, drug resistance, and limited therapeutic options. This has increased interest in alternative and complementary therapies derived from traditional medical systems.
Objective: This review aims to evaluate the antiviral potential of the Siddha formulation Santha Santhrothaiya Tablet against HBV through modern microbiological validation approaches and to explore its relevance in contemporary antiviral drug discovery.
Materials and Methods: An evidence-based narrative review was conducted using databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, and AYUSH Research Portal. Classical Siddha texts and official pharmacopeias were also reviewed. Studies published between 2000 and 2025 related to antiviral activity, hepatoprotective effects, phytochemical analysis, molecular docking, and microbiological validation of Siddha-relevant herbs were included. Data were extracted and synthesized qualitatively.
Results: The review identified that Siddha formulation Santha Santhrothaiya Tablet contains bioactive phytochemicals with reported antiviral, immunomodulatory, and hepatoprotective properties. Key constituents such as flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, terpenoids, and polyphenols demonstrated potential to inhibit HBV replication, suppress viral enzymes, and modulate host immune responses. In silico studies indicated strong binding affinity of plant-derived compounds to HBV polymerase and related viral targets. Additionally, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects contribute to hepatocyte protection. However, direct experimental validation of the complete formulation against HBV remains limited.
Conclusion: Siddha-based formulation Santha Santhrothaiya Tablet shows promising antiviral potential against HBV through multi-target mechanisms. Further standardized preclinical and clinical studies are required to validate its efficacy and support its integration into modern antiviral therapeutic strategies.
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